See кива on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kyxati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kyxati"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kyxati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kyxati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kyxati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kyxati",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kyxati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "кива third-singular present or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kiva",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кивне",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "m",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кивал",
"roman": "kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "киван",
"roman": "kivan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"aorist",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "кивала",
"roman": "kivala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "кивајќи",
"roman": "kivajḱi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"aorist",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "кивало",
"roman": "kivalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "кивање",
"roman": "kivanje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "кивале",
"roman": "kivale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кивано",
"roman": "kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "кивам",
"roman": "kivam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кивав",
"roman": "kivav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "киваш",
"roman": "kivaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "киваше",
"roman": "kivaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кивај",
"roman": "kivaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кива",
"roman": "kiva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваше",
"roman": "kivaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваме",
"roman": "kivame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "кивавме",
"roman": "kivavme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кивате",
"roman": "kivate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кивавте",
"roman": "kivavte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кивајте",
"roman": "kivajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваат",
"roman": "kivaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваа",
"roman": "kivaa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "сум кивал",
"roman": "sum kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "имам кивано",
"roman": "imam kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "present of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "present of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "бев кивал",
"roman": "bev kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "имав кивано",
"roman": "imav kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "сум имал кивано",
"roman": "sum imal kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "perfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "perfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе кивам",
"roman": "ḱe kivam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе имам кивано",
"roman": "ḱe imam kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе кивав",
"roman": "ḱe kivav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе имав кивано",
"roman": "ḱe imav kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе сум кивал",
"roman": "ḱe sum kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе сум имал кивано",
"roman": "ḱe sum imal kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future reported of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future reported of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "би кивал",
"roman": "bi kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"conditional",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "би имал кивано",
"roman": "bi imal kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "кивне"
},
"expansion": "кива • (kiva) third-singular present, impf (perfective кивне)",
"name": "mk-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ки",
"ва"
]
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian verbs in -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sneeze"
],
"id": "en-кива-mk-verb-ffaUr9QS",
"links": [
[
"sneeze",
"sneeze"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) to sneeze"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "kijavica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кивавица f"
},
{
"roman": "kijavica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кијавица"
}
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkiva]"
}
],
"word": "кива"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"киви",
"киви#Macedonian"
],
[
"нива",
"нива#Macedonian"
],
[
"ниви",
"ниви#Macedonian"
],
[
"слива",
"слива#Macedonian"
],
[
"сливи",
"сливи#Macedonian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "киви",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from киви n (kivi)",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from киви n (kivi), by analogy to нива f (niva, “farmland”) → ниви pl (nivi), слива f (sliva, “plum”) → сливи pl (slivi) etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kiva",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "киви",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кива",
"roman": "kiva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "киви",
"roman": "kivi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кивата",
"roman": "kivata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "кивите",
"roman": "kivite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "кивава",
"roman": "kivava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кививе",
"roman": "kivive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "кивана",
"roman": "kivana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кивине",
"roman": "kivine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "киво",
"roman": "kivo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "киви",
"roman": "kivi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "киви"
},
"expansion": "кива • (kiva) f (plural киви)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ки",
"ва"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "кивје",
"col_sg2": "",
"def_dist_pl": "кивине",
"def_dist_sg": "кивана",
"def_prox_pl": "кививе",
"def_prox_sg": "кивава",
"def_unsp_pl": "кивите",
"def_unsp_sg": "кивата",
"ind_pl": "киви",
"ind_sg": "кива",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "киви",
"voc_sg": "киво"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kivi, “kiwifruit”",
"word": "киви n"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard form of киви n (kivi, “kiwifruit”)"
],
"id": "en-кива-mk-noun-gbhhAgkh",
"links": [
[
"киви",
"киви#Macedonian"
],
[
"kiwifruit",
"kiwifruit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) nonstandard form of киви n (kivi, “kiwifruit”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"colloquial",
"feminine",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkiva]"
}
],
"word": "кива"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kiva",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "кива • (kiva)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Moksha",
"lang_code": "mdf",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Moksha entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "kije",
"word": "кие"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite singular prolative of кие (kije)"
],
"id": "en-кива-mdf-pron-lJde8A-c",
"links": [
[
"кие",
"кие#Moksha"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"prolative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "кива"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 2-syllable words",
"Macedonian back-formations",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian feminine nouns",
"Macedonian imperfective verbs",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian nouns",
"Macedonian paroxytone terms",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Macedonian verbs",
"Macedonian verbs in -а",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kyxati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kyxati"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kyxati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kyxati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kyxati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kyxati",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kyxati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "кива third-singular present or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kiva",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кивне",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "m",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кивал",
"roman": "kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "киван",
"roman": "kivan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"aorist",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "кивала",
"roman": "kivala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "кивајќи",
"roman": "kivajḱi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"aorist",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "кивало",
"roman": "kivalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "кивање",
"roman": "kivanje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "кивале",
"roman": "kivale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кивано",
"roman": "kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "кивам",
"roman": "kivam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кивав",
"roman": "kivav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "киваш",
"roman": "kivaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "киваше",
"roman": "kivaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кивај",
"roman": "kivaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кива",
"roman": "kiva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваше",
"roman": "kivaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваме",
"roman": "kivame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "кивавме",
"roman": "kivavme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кивате",
"roman": "kivate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кивавте",
"roman": "kivavte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кивајте",
"roman": "kivajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваат",
"roman": "kivaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "киваа",
"roman": "kivaa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "сум кивал",
"roman": "sum kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "имам кивано",
"roman": "imam kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "present of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "present of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "бев кивал",
"roman": "bev kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "имав кивано",
"roman": "imav kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "сум имал кивано",
"roman": "sum imal kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "perfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "perfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе кивам",
"roman": "ḱe kivam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе имам кивано",
"roman": "ḱe imam kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе кивав",
"roman": "ḱe kivav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе имав кивано",
"roman": "ḱe imav kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе сум кивал",
"roman": "ḱe sum kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе сум имал кивано",
"roman": "ḱe sum imal kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future reported of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future reported of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "би кивал",
"roman": "bi kival",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"conditional",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "би имал кивано",
"roman": "bi imal kivano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "кивне"
},
"expansion": "кива • (kiva) third-singular present, impf (perfective кивне)",
"name": "mk-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ки",
"ва"
]
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "kijavica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кивавица f"
},
{
"roman": "kijavica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кијавица"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian intransitive verbs",
"Macedonian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to sneeze"
],
"links": [
[
"sneeze",
"sneeze"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) to sneeze"
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkiva]"
}
],
"word": "кива"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 2-syllable words",
"Macedonian back-formations",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian feminine nouns",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian nouns",
"Macedonian paroxytone terms",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"киви",
"киви#Macedonian"
],
[
"нива",
"нива#Macedonian"
],
[
"ниви",
"ниви#Macedonian"
],
[
"слива",
"слива#Macedonian"
],
[
"сливи",
"сливи#Macedonian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "киви",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from киви n (kivi)",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from киви n (kivi), by analogy to нива f (niva, “farmland”) → ниви pl (nivi), слива f (sliva, “plum”) → сливи pl (slivi) etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kiva",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "киви",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кива",
"roman": "kiva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "киви",
"roman": "kivi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кивата",
"roman": "kivata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "кивите",
"roman": "kivite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "кивава",
"roman": "kivava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кививе",
"roman": "kivive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "кивана",
"roman": "kivana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кивине",
"roman": "kivine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "киво",
"roman": "kivo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "киви",
"roman": "kivi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "киви"
},
"expansion": "кива • (kiva) f (plural киви)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ки",
"ва"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "кивје",
"col_sg2": "",
"def_dist_pl": "кивине",
"def_dist_sg": "кивана",
"def_prox_pl": "кививе",
"def_prox_sg": "кивава",
"def_unsp_pl": "кивите",
"def_unsp_sg": "кивата",
"ind_pl": "киви",
"ind_sg": "кива",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "киви",
"voc_sg": "киво"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kivi, “kiwifruit”",
"word": "киви n"
}
],
"categories": [
"Macedonian colloquialisms",
"Macedonian nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"nonstandard form of киви n (kivi, “kiwifruit”)"
],
"links": [
[
"киви",
"киви#Macedonian"
],
[
"kiwifruit",
"kiwifruit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) nonstandard form of киви n (kivi, “kiwifruit”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"colloquial",
"feminine",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkiva]"
}
],
"word": "кива"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kiva",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "кива • (kiva)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Moksha",
"lang_code": "mdf",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Moksha entries with incorrect language header",
"Moksha non-lemma forms",
"Moksha pronoun forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "kije",
"word": "кие"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite singular prolative of кие (kije)"
],
"links": [
[
"кие",
"кие#Moksha"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"prolative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "кива"
}
Download raw JSONL data for кива meaning in All languages combined (15.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Macedonian: 'кива third-singular present or', originally 'кива third-singular present or impf'",
"path": [
"кива"
],
"section": "Macedonian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "кива",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Macedonian: 'кива third-singular present or', originally 'кива third-singular present or impf'",
"path": [
"кива"
],
"section": "Macedonian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "кива",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['imperfective', 'canonical']: 'кива third-singular present or' in 'кива • (kiva) third-singular present, impf (perfective кивне)'",
"path": [
"кива"
],
"section": "Macedonian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "кива",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.